The marks for the Sun, Moon and planets, which are still standard in astronomy and were also the alchemists' symbols for the seven metals. Grouped because they must be read as a set to be understood: each character carries up to four unrelated senses, and telling them apart is the point. ♂ is the planet Mars, the male sign, and alchemical iron — an astronomical convention, a living social usage, and a historical practice respectively. The records keep those apart rather than averaging them, and every astrological meaning is recorded as a tradition rather than a finding.
A circle with a dot at its centre — the Sun, and gold in alchemy.
A crescent — the Moon, and silver in alchemy.
A horned circle above a cross — Mercury, and quicksilver.
A circle above a cross — Venus, the female sign, and copper.
A circle quartered by a cross — the Earth.
A circle with an arrow pointing up and right — Mars, the male sign, and iron.
A stylised numeral four or Greek zeta crossed by a bar — Jupiter, and tin.
A crossed sickle shape — Saturn, and lead.
A circle with a vertical stroke rising to a cross — Uranus.
A trident — Neptune.