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A pair of bounds, giving a range of plausible values for an estimate.
Also known as: CI, 95% CI
A 95% confidence interval is a range computed so that, over many repeated samples, 95% of such intervals would contain the true value. It is not a 95% probability that the true value lies in this particular interval — a distinction that survives almost no popular reporting.
Denotes a confidence interval: a range of values computed from data, with a stated coverage probability over repeated sampling.
Contexts: Mathematics
The coverage refers to the procedure, not to the particular interval in front of you. Saying there is a 95% chance the true value lies inside this interval is a misstatement, though an extremely common one.
Recorded because the misstatement appears routinely in reporting and in teaching, not as a legitimate alternative reading.
A wide interval signals an imprecise estimate. An interval that includes the null value corresponds to a result that would not reach significance at the matching threshold.
The capital letters C and I, followed by two figures separated by a comma or dash and enclosed in square brackets.
Both report the strength of evidence for an estimate, and the two agree by construction at matching thresholds.