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A minus sign beneath a letter, marking a backer articulation.
Also known as: Minus sign below, Backing mark
In the International Phonetic Alphabet a small minus sign below a letter marks the sound as retracted: articulated further back in the mouth than the letter's default position.
Marks the sound as articulated further back than the unmodified letter denotes.
Contexts: Language and transcription
Is the exact counterpart of the advanced mark, the two forming a pair that shifts a value forward or back without a new letter.
Contexts: Language and transcription
A short horizontal stroke placed directly beneath the letter it modifies.