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Roman numerals in brackets naming an element's oxidation state.
Also known as: Stock notation, Roman numeral oxidation state
Roman numerals in brackets after an element's name give its oxidation state, as in iron(III) chloride. The oxidation state is a formal bookkeeping figure and not a real charge, and the numeral is written after the element it belongs to rather than after the compound.
State an element's oxidation state in a compound's name, written as a Roman numeral in brackets.
Contexts: Laboratory
Give a formal bookkeeping number rather than an actual ionic charge, which is why an oxidation state can be fractional or negative in ways a charge is not.
Contexts: Laboratory
One to three capital letters I, V or X enclosed in round brackets immediately after an element name.