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The signals defined by the Laws of the Game, grouped because they are read at distance and in a hurry. Two of them are pure colour — yellow cautions, red dismisses, and nothing is written on either. Two more are arm positions given seconds apart and meaning opposite things: one arm up sets a condition on a kick about to be taken, both arms forward means no kick is coming at all. The Olympic rings sit here for the same reason the cards do: they are defined by the body that governs the competition, in its own constitutional document, rather than by general usage.
A plain yellow rectangle shown by a referee as a formal caution.
A plain red rectangle shown by a referee to dismiss a player.
The referee's raised arm, held up until the kick has touched a second player.
Both arms extended forward, meaning play continues despite an offence.
The assistant referee's raised flag, then angled to show where the offence occurred.
Five interlaced rings of equal size, the emblem of the Olympic Movement.