A slanted lower-case f below the staff, instructing loud playing.
Also known as: Forte marking, Loud marking
f means loud, from the Italian forte. Like every dynamic marking it is relative to the forces playing, and doubling the letter increases the instruction rather than the measurable volume.
Instructs the performer to play loudly, from the Italian forte.
Contexts: Music
Is repeated for greater volume — ff, fff — and combined with p as mf and mp for the middle of the range.
Contexts: Music
Combines with p as sfz and fp to mark a sudden change rather than a level, which is a different kind of instruction using the same letters.
Contexts: Music
A lower-case letter f in a heavy slanted serif face, with a curved head, a crossbar and a descender below the writing line.
The two poles of the dynamic scale.