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A dashed bracket with 8 or 15, shifting the written pitch.
Also known as: Ottava, 8va marking, 15ma marking
An 8 with a dashed line moves the notes beneath or above it by an octave; a 15 moves them by two. The 15 is not a mistake for 16: octaves are counted inclusively, so two octaves span fifteen note names rather than sixteen.
Shifts the written pitch by one octave for an 8 and two octaves for a 15, over the extent of its dashed bracket.
Contexts: Music
Uses 15 rather than 16 for two octaves because intervals are counted inclusively, the top note of the first octave being the bottom of the second.
Contexts: Music
Raises the pitch when written above the staff and lowers it when written below, sometimes with 'va' or 'vb' added.
Contexts: Music
A numeral with a dashed horizontal line extending from it, ending in a short downward or upward hook.